In investment, diversification is a very important risk management strategy. Ever wondered how is it possible for many top scrips to have the same degree of movement like that of the index? The reason is simple. When mutual funds and institutional investors buy
scrips, they do not buy just a single one. They buy the scrips as a group as a part of their risk management strategy. Some times they do buy a single scrip in huge amounts but generally the former pattern followed.
Amateur investors should also consider different options for diversification. Since their capital is limited, they should make a strategy which suits them best . A minimum of 5 sectors and a minimum of two stocks in each sector would be a good option.
For example one could ask a question "What are my five sectors?" The answer could be Banking, Steel, Finance, Infrastructure and Power
What would be my picks in this sector?
IOB and ALBK in banks, JSWSTEEL and SESAGOA in steel, LICHSGFIN and IFCI in finance, IVRCLINFRA and NAGARCONST in infrastructure and TORNTPOWER and POWERGRID in the power sector.
Alternatively one could pick his best stock in 10 sectors.
Investing in these diversified stocks should be according to a proportion. For e.g. Not more than 15% or less than 5% of capital in a single stock could be a guiding principle.
Diversification does not protect against market risk. When value of the market goes down portfolio value also drops regardless of diversification status. But if one is not diversified, a single bad performing stock can kill the intent and content of investment.